What is the UCP1 gene?
What is the UCP1 gene?
UCP1 (Uncoupling Protein 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Glucose / Energy Metabolism and Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins..
What is the role of UCP1?
UCP1 is a Respiration Uncoupler, Shunting the Normal Proton Circuit and is Physiologically Regulated. , or the so-called proton-motive force Δp, is used to drive ATP synthesis by ATP-synthase. The proton gradient slows respiratory chain activity and facilitates ATP synthesis.
What does UCP1 stand for?
Abstract. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is an integral membrane protein found in the mitochondrial inner membrane of brown adipose tissue, and facilitates the process of non-shivering thermogenesis in mammals.
What do UCP1 proteins do at the cellular level?
Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is responsible for nonshivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Upon activation by long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), UCP1 increases the conductance of the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) to make BAT mitochondria generate heat rather than ATP.
What enzyme does UCP1 replace?
UCP1 catalyzes proton leak across the mitochondrial inner membrane to disengage substrate oxidation from ATP production. It is well established that UCP1 is activated by fatty acids and inhibited by purine nucleotides, but precisely how this regulation occurs remains unsettled.
What is the process of thermogenesis?
Thermogenesis is defined as the dissipation of energy through the production of heat and occurs in specialised tissues including brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.
What are Uncouplers give example?
The following compounds are known to be classical uncouplers: 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (Dinoterb) 6-sec-butyl-2,4-dinitrophenol (Dinoseb)
Is UCP1 an enzyme?
UCP1 has a molecular weight of 32 kDa and functions as a dimmer [44]. It mediates the reentry of protons pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane by respiratory chain enzymes, thus converting the energy of proton gradient into heat.
What foods increase thermogenesis?
The 12 Best Foods to Boost Your Metabolism
- Protein-rich foods. Protein-rich foods — such as meat, fish, eggs, dairy, legumes, nuts, and seeds — could help increase your metabolism for a few hours.
- Mineral-rich foods.
- Chili peppers.
- Coffee.
- Tea.
- Beans and legumes.
- Ginger.
- Cacao.
What are the types of thermogenesis?
Types
- Exercise-associated thermogenesis (EAT)
- Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT), energy expended for everything that is not sleeping, eating or sports-like exercise.
- Diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT)
How do Uncouplers act?
Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria inhibit the coupling between the electron transport and phosphorylation reactions and thus inhibit ATP synthesis without affecting the respiratory chain and ATP synthase (H(+)-ATPase).
What is meant by Uncoupler?
: an agent that dissociates two integrated series of chemical reactions especially : one that prevents the formation of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria by dissociating the reactions of phosphorylation from those concerned with electron transport and oxidation.
Which is a co-regulator of the UCP1 gene?
Co-regulators, such as PGC-1α, play a pivotal role in the concerted regulation of UCP1 gene transcription.
Are there any uncoupling proteins related to UCP1?
One branch of the superfamily contains a number of UCP1-related proteins, all referred to as uncoupling proteins. It is still very unclear whether any of these “novel” uncoupling proteins, despite the names, have any mitochondrial uncoupling function under normal circumstances.
What is the difference between UCP1 and UCP3?
In contrast to UCP1, UCP2 is expressed in all tissues examined so far, while UCP3 is expressed predominantly in skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue with lower levels in white adipose tissue and the heart. Additional homology cloning efforts identified brain mitochondrial carrier protein 1 (BMCP1 or UCP5).
Where are the enhancer regions of the UCP1 gene located?
Two variants located in the upstream enhancer region of human UCP1 gene affect gene expression and are correlated with human longevity.
