How does fertilization occur in selaginella?

rupestris), fertilisation occurs while the female gametophyte is still within the sporangium. Biflagellate sperms (haploid) are liberated, then they swim to the archegonia through a thin film of water and fertilise the egg (haploid) to form diploid zygote.

How do Lycopodium reproduce?

The club-shaped appearance of these fertile stems gives the clubmosses their common name. Lycopods reproduce asexually by spores. The plants have an underground sexual phase that produces gametes, and this alternates in the lifecycle with the spore-producing plant.

How does a fern reproduce?

Ferns do not flower but reproduce sexually from spores. Mature plants produce spores on the underside of the leaves. When these germinate they grow into small heart-shaped plants known as prothalli. Male and female cells are produced on these plants and after fertilisation occurs the adult fern begins to develop.

How do moss plants reproduce?

Mosses reproduce by spores, which are analogous to the flowering plant’s seed; however, moss spores are single celled and more primitive than the seed. Spores are housed in the brown capsule that sits on the seta. Pieces of the moss body can break off, move by wind or water, and start a new plant if moisture permits.

What is the function of Antheridium?

Simply put, an antheridium is a structure that produces and holds sperm cells in bryophytes (non-vascular plants) and ferns. This is similar to a human’s testes in that the sperm is not only produced in the structure, but is stored there until needed for reproduction.

What is called Sporophyll?

A sporophyll is a leaf that bears sporangia. Both microphylls and megaphylls can be sporophylls. In heterosporous plants, sporophylls (whether they are microphylls or megaphylls) bear either megasporangia and thus are called megasporophylls, or microsporangia and are called microsporophylls.

What is the life cycle of Lycopodium?

Lycopodium or club mosses have two parts to the life cycle, sexual and asexual. Lycopodia are plants that grow in the ground, and sexually reproduce not with pollen and flowers, but with spores.

What is the life cycle of Pinus?

Pine trees are conifers (cone bearing) and carry both male and female sporophylls on the same mature sporophyte. Therefore, they are monoecious plants. Like all gymnosperms, pines are heterosporous, generating two different types of spores: male microspores and female megaspores.

What is it called when a flower has both male and female parts?

Flowers can have either all male parts, all female parts, or a combination. Flowers with all male or all female parts are called imperfect (cucumbers, pumpkin and melons). Flowers that have both male and female parts are called perfect (roses, lilies, dandelion).

Are worms asexual?

In the asexual race, worms reproduce by fission without sexual organs. In the sexual race, worms have hermaphroditic sexual organs, and copulate and then lay cocoons filled with several fertilized eggs. In the physiological race, worms convert between asexual and sexual reproduction seasonally.