What is Clausius statement in thermodynamics?
What is Clausius statement in thermodynamics?
Clausius Statement from the second law of thermodynamics states that: “It is impossible to design a device which works on a cycle and produce no other effect other than heat transfer from a cold body to a hot body.” That is, heat transfer can only occur spontaneously in the direction of temperature decrease.
What is the statement of first law of thermodynamics?
The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only altered in form. For any system, energy transfer is associated with mass crossing the control boundary, external work, or heat transfer across the boundary. These produce a change of stored energy within the control volume.
What are the statements of second law of thermodynamics?
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system, will always increase over time. The second law also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never be negative.
Which of the statement is correct according to Clausius statement of second law of thermodynamics?
Therefore, it is impossible to transfer heat from a body at a lower temperature to a body at a higher temperature, without the aid of an external source according to Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics. Hence the correct option is (B).
What is Clausius statement example?
It is impossible for heat to move by itself from a lower temperature reservoir to a higher temperature reservoir. That is, heat transfer can only occur spontaneously in the direction of temperature decrease. For example, we cannot construct a refrigerator that operates without any work input.
How can Clausius statement be violated?
Consider a refrigerator pumping QL heat from the low temperature reservoir at TL to the reservoir at higher temperature TH. Combined with the Kelvin-Planck violator, the arrangement is pumping QL heat from TL to TH, without any external agency. Hence it violate the Clausius statement.
How does the Clausius statement relate to thermodynamics?
The Clausius statement expresses that it is impossible to build a system operating in a cycle that transfers heat from a low-temperature medium to a high-temperature medium. The Clausius inequality delivers a mathematical expression of the second law of thermodynamics: where the circular integral specifies that the process is cyclic.
When did the first law of thermodynamics come out?
The first complete declarations of the law came in 1850 from Rudolf Clausius and William Rankine. Rankine ‘s statement is considered less different from Clausius’. The first law of thermodynamics states that: “The total energy of an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed, it remains constant”.
How are Kelvin and Clausius statements the same?
The Kelvin-Planck statement is the statement of the second law of thermodynamics for heat engines, while the Clausius statement is the statement of the refrigerators and heat pumps. These two statements are equivalent since it can be shown that if one statement is violated, the other one is also violated and vice versa [1] .
Which is an example of the second law of thermodynamics?
Clausius Statement from the second law of thermodynamics states that: “It is impossible to design a device which works on a cycle and produce no other effect other than heat transfer from a cold body to a hot body.” That is, heat transfer can only occur spontaneously in the direction of temperature decrease.
